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    September 14

    一道有趣的题目

    这题以前在math板上出现过,这两天又有人在msn上提了。我重新想了一遍,觉得解法及内在的思路实在是漂亮,特此推荐。

    100个囚犯,每人有一个从1到100的不重复不遗漏的号码,国王把这些号码收集起来,打乱放进100个箱子里,每个箱子里有且仅有一个号码。囚犯们一个一个地来到100个箱子面前,每人可以打开至多50个箱子来寻找自己的号码,可以一个一个打开(即可以根据之前箱子里看到的号码来决定后面要打开的箱子)。如果有一个囚犯没有找到自己的号码,那么这100个人一起被处死;只有当所有的囚犯都找到了自己的号码,他们才会被国王全部释放。

    囚犯们可以在没开箱子前商量对策,但是一但打开了箱子,他就不能告诉别人箱子和号码的对应关系。问他们应该用什么样的策略以保证最大的存活概率?

    ----------------------

    显然,每个人随机选50个箱子打开,存活概率会是1/2的100次方,可以小到忽略不计。但是事实上有一种极简单的办法,其存活概率高达30%-_-,大家想一想:)

    Comments (4)

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    Junyi Liwrote:
    哦,原来楼下已经有人给出答案了。恩,有点明白了,呵呵。
    Sept. 14
    Junyi Liwrote:
    拿板凳,等答案^_^
    Sept. 14
    Yifanwrote:
    这题目在IQ版也出过,解法的确很神奇
    Sept. 14
    Alexwrote:
    看到箱子里的号码后,就去打开相应编号的箱子
    Sept. 14

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